雅思大作文范文解析：如何减少人口老龄化的影响

## 题目 In the developed world, average life expectancy is increasing. What problems will this cause for individuals and society? Suggest some measures that could be taken to reduce the impact of ageing populations. 题型：问题解决 翻译：在发达国家，平均预期寿命正在增加。 这会对个人和社会造成什么问题？ 建议采取什么措施来减少老龄化人口造成的影响。 ## 写作结构 开头段：背景引入 + 话题介绍。 主体段 1：可能造成的问题。 主体段 2：可采取的措施。 结尾段：总结概括。 ## 范文解析 ### 开头段 交代背景“现在人们都想有着更长的寿命”，表明尽管这样可能带来问题，但是社会是可以缓解这些问题。 背景句：It is true that people in industrialised nations can expect to live longer than ever before. 话题介绍：Although there will undoubtedly be some negative consequences of this trend, societies can take steps to mitigate these potential problems. ### 主体段 1 人们更长寿可能引发的问题：主要问题在于退休金领取，另外还有医疗需求，家人照顾等。 主题句：As people live longer and the populations of developed countries grow older, several related problems can be anticipated. 平行列举1：The main issue is that there will obviously be more people of retirement age who will be eligible to receive a pension. The proportion of younger, working adults will be smaller, and governments will therefore receive less money in taxes in relation to the size of the population. In other words, an ageing population will mean a greater tax burden for working adults. （递进解释） 平行列举2：Further pressures will include a rise in the demand for healthcare, and the fact young adults will increasingly have to look after their elderly relatives. ### 主体段 2 针对这些问题，政府可以采取一些措施。 主题句：There are several actions that governments could take to solve the problems described above. 平行列举：**Firstly**, a simple solution would be to increase the retirement age for working adults, perhaps from 65 to 70. Nowadays, people of this age tend to be healthy enough to continue a productive working life. A **second** measure would be for governments to encourage immigration in order to increase the number of working adults who pay taxes. **Finally**, money from national budgets will need to be taken from other areas and spent on vital healthcare, accommodation and transport facilities for the rising numbers of older citizens. ### 结尾段 总结概括文章内容。 In conclusion, various measures can be taken to tackle the problems that are certain to arise as the populations of countries grow older. ## 重点表达 some negative consequences of this trend 这个趋势的消极影响 take steps 采取措施 social life 社会生活 mitigate these potential problems 缓解潜在问题 developed countries 发达国家 several related problems 很多涉及的问题 be eligible to 有资格做 receive a pension 收到退休金 an ageing population 老龄人口 a greater tax burden for 对……有很重的税 retirement age 退休年龄 tend to be healthy enough 往往足够健康 pay taxes 交税 national budgets 国家预算 vital healthcare 至关重要的医疗服务 transport facilities 交通工具 older citizens 年老的居民