如何确定雅思阅读文章的中心思想

## 什么是中心思想？ ### 中心思想vs主题 文章/段落的中心思想是整篇文章或某个段落的宏观蓝图。文章的中心思想称为论点，段落的中心思想称为主题句。 主题是文章/段落所论述的话题。与主要思想不同，它通常是一个短语，而不是一个句子。 ### 中心思想vs支持信息 中心思想需要证据的支持，将中心思想与其所支持的信息区分开来不难，因为中心思想表达的是一个总体的看法，而证据是具体的事实。 ## 确定文章的中心思想：查看文章第一/最后一段 文章的中心思想通常位于第一段的第一句或最后一句。有时候，在文章的最后一段也会重申观点，也就是中心思想。因此，我们可以在第一段和最后一段中寻找文章的中心思想。 ## 确定段落的中心思想：查看段落第一句 一个段落的主要思想通常在第一句中直接指出。下面我们来看看雅思考试中的一个例子。 **段落示范** The role of governments in environmental management is difficult but inescapable. Sometimes, the state tries to manage the resources it owns, and does so badly. Often, however, governments act in an even more harmful way. They actually subsidise the exploitation and consumption of natural resources. A whole range of policies, from farm-price support to protection for coal-mining, do environmental damage and (often) make no economic sense. Scrapping them offers a two-fold bonus: a cleaner environment and a more efficient economy. Growth and environmentalism can actually go hand in hand, if politicians have the courage to confront the vested interest that subsidies create. **中心思想** The role of governments in environmental management is difficult but inescapable. ## 识别一个段落的中心思想：注意过渡词或短语 当段落的第一句或第二句中有转折性的单词或短语，比如：however, but, while, despite, though and yet，你就要识别出句内或句间的逻辑关系，再最终确定段落的中心思想。 **段落示范** While the Inuit may not actually starve if hunting and trapping are curtailed by climate change, there has certainly been an impact on people’s health. Obesity, heart disease and diabetes are beginning to appear in a people for whom these have never before been problems. There has been a crisis of identity as the traditional skills of hunting, trapping and preparing skins have begun to disappear. In Nunavut’s igloo and email society, where adults who were born in igloos have children who may never have been out on the land, there’s a high incidence of depression. **中心思想** Climate change has certainly impacted on people’s health.