雅思阅读备考：千万别被这些「自以为很熟」的小词骗了

## 1.drive **C4T1P1：** In other words, they gave no indication of an appreciation of either the range of ways in which rainforests are important or the complex social, economic and political factors which drive the activities which are destroying the rainforests. 这是一个复杂的长难句，一共出现了三处定语从句，一处 ways in which ， 一处 factors which ，一处 activities which 。 drive 的主语为连接代词 which 代指的先行词 factors ，提取之后变为 factors drive the activities ， 这里如果将这里作为动词的 drive 翻译成驾驶，句子是完成不通顺的，我们从后一处的定语从句中得知，activities 指的是破坏雨林的行为，也就是前面的社会经济和政治因素 drive 了一些破坏雨林的行为，也就是说，这里的 drive 是导致，迫使的意思。 **C6T1P2** 选项型 SUMMARY Q24： Manufacturers of computers, for instance, are able to import 24................. from overseas, rather than having to rely on a local supplier. 文章 E 段 To see how this influences trade, consider the business of making disk drives for computers. Most of the world's disk-drive manufacturing is concentrated in South-east Asia. This is possible only because disk drives, while valuable, are small and light and so cost little to ship. Computer manufacturers in Japan or Texas will not face hugely bigger freight bills if they import drives from Singapore rather than purchasing them on the domestic market. 通过 manufacturers of computers 定位到 E 段。阅读后我们可以知道电脑制造商集中在东南亚制造和进口 disk drives 而不是本国市场。如果同学对电脑知识比较了解的话，对于 drive 在这里的理解应该问题不大。根据一定的语法知识我们看得出这里的 disk drives 和 disk-drive 是名词用法，可通过 drive 的基本含义“驾驶”进一步引申理解，“驾驶磁盘”过渡为“让磁盘启动”，正确的理解含义为：磁盘驱动器。对应到题目提供的选项“ B. components ” ## 2.subject 我们知道它由“科目”的意思，词汇稍好的同学还会知道它还有“主语”和“主题”的含义。我们来看下面一题： **C5T1P2** 单选题 Q20 The teacher-subjects were told that they were testing whether A. a 450-volt shock was dangerous. B. punishment helps learning. C. the pupils were honest. D. they were suited to teaching. 文章 A 段 Specifically, Milgram told each volunteer 'teacher-subject' that the experiment was in the noble cause of education, and was designed to test whether or not punishing pupils for their mistakes would have a positive effect on the pupils' ability to learn. 文章这里的 ' teacher-subject ' 打了引号，也就是说即便同学你不认识，把它当作一个特殊词符号，不理解不影响做题。不过明显的是，把“科目”“主语”“主题”放这里，都不好理解。在雅思阅读学术实验类的文章中，subject 是个高频词汇，作为“实验对象”的含义来使用， 有时会同义替换为 volunteer 或 participant 。 **C8T1P3** 表格填空 Q38 The results were then subjected to a 38……………………. 文章：In 1987, results from hundreds of autoganzfeld tests were studied by Honorton in a 'meta-analysis', a statistical technique for finding the overall results from a set of studies. 通过冠词 a 我们可以知道此空填名词单数，并且从表格纵轴同行的特殊定位词in 1987，我们找到了定位句。但是定位句中存在冠词 a 的三处，到底三处后的单词填哪个呢。单词不会，语法来凑，通过题目和文章的主干结构的一致性：A be subjected to B 和 A be studied By B in C， 由于 Honorton 是人名且不符合填词规定，顺理成章的 ' meta-analysis ' 成为我们的选填对象。那 subject to 到底什么意思呢，通过文章，我们可以知道大概是被研究的意思，查了字典我们就了解，正确含义为“受…支配”。 **类似的用法单词还有：** 1. state n. (美国的)州，状态，政府，adj. 国家的，国立的 v.陈述，说明 C8T4P1 判断题 Q8 Private schools in Japan are more modern and spacious than state-run lower secondary schools. State-run adj 国立的 C7T4P1 第5段 There was a huge initial force- five times larger than the steady state force， Gharib says. State n. 状态 2. coin n. 硬币， v. 创造，铸造 C7T1P1 E段 The American zoologist Donald Griffin， who was largely responsible for the discovery of sonar in bats， coined the term 'echolocation' to cover both sonar and radar， whether used by animals or by human instruments. Coin v 创造(first used) 3. spoke v. speak过去式，n 车轮的辐条 (C4T1P3) 4. tuition n. 学费，课程，讲授，教学 (C4T1P1) 5. complaint n. 抱怨，抗议，疾病 (C4T2P2) 6. Interest v. 是感兴趣 n. 兴趣，利益，利息 (C4T3P1) 7. leaves v. leave 的动词三单形式 n.叶子(Pl) (C8T4P3) 8. press v. 按压，n. 印刷，新闻工作者，新闻 (C5T1P3/C5T4P2) 9. pressing adj. 迫切的，急切的 (C7T1P2) 英语中有相当数量的多义词，英语最常用的4000个高频词根基上都是多义词，平均每个词都有两到三个意思。