剑桥雅思13Test2阅读P2答案+解析（一）

## 剑桥雅思真题13Test2阅读P2-Oxytocin答案+解析 **Reading Passage 2, Questions 14-20** 14.B 15.F 16.B 17.E 18.A 19.B 20.C 14.reference to research showing the beneficial effects of oxytocin on people 答案：B 题目解析：B 段倒数第 1-2 句“These follow-up studies have shown that after a sniff of the hormone, people become more charitable, better at reading emotions on others’ faces and at communicating constructively in arguments. Together, the results fuelled the view that oxytocin universally enhanced the positive aspects of our social nature.”题干说的是哪一段说的是催产素对人有益的影响。做这题其实我们需要快速浏览完整篇文章，重点看开头结尾。我们发现 B 段结尾句处出现了 positive aspects 这个短语，然后往前看发现这里是在说催产素的益处，答案选 B。 15.reasons why the effects of oxytocin are complex 答案：F 题目解析：F 段第 1 句“Perhaps we should not be surprised that the oxytocin story has become more perplexing.”题干说的是哪一段的内容是催产素的效果很复杂的原因。浏览文章我们发现 F 段首句就提到了相关的内容，perplexing 是 complex 的同义替换。并且该段结尾处说的也是催产素本身是很基础的东西，但是组合起来的时候，会由于个体和背景的差别，基本的过程会变得多种多样，所以这题应该选的是 F。 16.mention of a period in which oxytocin attracted little scientific attention 答案：B 题目解析：B 段第 4-6 句“The study was the start of research into the effects of oxytocin on human interactions. ‘For eight years, it was quite a lonesome field,’ Heinrichs recalls. ‘Now, everyone is interested.’”题干说的是哪一段提到了催产素没有引起科学研究兴趣的时期。我们发现 B 段中的上面这几句话中有一个单词 lonesome，表示孤独的，被遗弃的，也就是说 8 年，这个领域都没有人涉及，这里正是题干说的没有被研究的这个时期，答案选 B。 17.reference to people ignoring certain aspects of their research data 答案：E 题目解析：E 段第 2-3 句“Bartz has recently shown that in almost half of the existing research results, oxytocin influenced only certain individuals or in certain circumstances. Where once researchers took no notice of such findings, now a more nuanced understanding of oxytocin’s effects is propelling investigations down new lines.”题干说的是哪一段的内容提到了人们忽视了他们研究数据的某些方面。这里 E 段中的上面这两句话中提到的“ certain individuals or in certain circumstances”以及后面的 took no notice of 其实就是在说人们忽视掉了一些发现，现在对于催产素更加细致的理解的调查正在推动，所以答案是 E。 18.People are more trusting when affected by oxytocin. 答案：A 题目解析：B 段第 2-3 句“In a groundbreaking experiment, Markus Heinrichs and his colleagues at the University of Freiburg, Germany, asked volunteers to do an activity in which they could invest money with an anonymous person who was not guaranteed to be honest. The team found that participants who had sniffed oxytocin via a nasal spray beforehand invested more money than those who received a placebo instead.” 此题其实比较容易的做题方法是根据人名去定位，虽然人名较多，但是人名定位起来更加简单。直接看 A 选项的第一个人名，定位到 B 段。第 3 句话开始说他们发现吸入催产素的人会比吸入安慰剂的人投资更多的钱，也就是会更加信任一个陌生人，刚好对应此题的题干。所以这里答案选 A。 19.Oxytocin increases people's feelings of jealousy. 答案：B 题目解析：C 段第 1-2 句“ Then, after a few years, contrasting findings began to emerge. Simone Shamay-Tsoory at the University of Haifa, Israel, found that when volunteers played a competitive game, those who inhaled the hormone showed more pleasure when they beat other players, and felt more envy when others won.”同样根据 B 选项的人名定位到 C 段开头，这里这个人发现的是吸入催产素的人在打败别人的时候会表现出更多的快乐，但是当别人赢了的时候会嫉妒，刚好对应的是此题的题干，所以这题就选 B。 20.The effect of oxytocin varies from one type of person to another. 答案：C 题目解析：F 段最后一句“Bartz agrees. ‘Oxytocin probably does some very basic things, but once you add our higher-order thinking and social situations, these basic processes could manifest in different ways depending on individual differences and context.’”根据 C 选项的人名定位到 C 段最后两句话和 F 段最后，我们发现 C 段的观点并不是题干中这个，接着看 F 段最后，这题其实也可以结合上面做的第 15 题很快得到答案，因为之前就说到 Bartz 这个人觉得，催产素本身是很基础的，但是会根据个体的的不同组合起来变得多种多样，正是对应题干这句话。所以这题答案选 C。