剑桥雅思9Test4阅读P2答案+解析（二）

**Reading Passage 2, Questions 20-26** 20-23 **List of Researchers** A James B Cooley C Lewis and Brooks-Gunn D Mead E Bronson 20.A sense of identity can never be formed without relationships with other people. 答案：D 题目解析：本题对应的文章内容是F段末句。原文中的关键词为：第一处： ...the self and the social world as inextricably bound together(个人和社会有着密不可分的关系);第二处：...it is impossible to conceive of a self arising outside of social experience (根本无法想象个人的成长可以脱离社会经验)。综上两处，对应题目中的 identity can never be formed without relationships with other people (没有与他人的联系，自我认知无法形成)。 21.A child’s awareness of self is related to a sense of mastery over things and people. 答案：B 题目解析：本题对应的文章内容是B段后部分内容。原文中的关键词为：第一处:...an infant’s attempts to control physical objects, such as toys or his or her own limbs(Cooley提出儿试图控制实物，比如玩具或者自己的胳膊和腿);第二处：...attempts to affect the behaviour of other people (婴儿试图影响其他人的行为)。对应题目中的...is related to a sense of mastery over things and people (孩子的自我认知与对事物和人物的掌控感有关)。 22.At a certain age, children’s sense of identity leads to aggressive behaviour. 答案：E 题目解析：本题对应的文章内容是H段内容。原文中的关键词为：第一处:...which are most common from 18 months to 3 years of age (这在18个月到3岁的孩子身上最为常见);第二处.：...intensity of the frustration and anger in their disagreements increased sharply between the ages of 1 and 2 years. (1-2岁的孩子由于争论而产生的挫败感和愤怒明显更加强烈);第三处：...involved a struggle over a toy…disputing ownership rather than wanting to play with it (孩子们的冲突涉及争夺玩具，似乎只是争抢玩具的拥有权而非真的想玩玩具)。对应题目中的 At a certain age, children’s sense of identity leads to aggressive behavior (在某一年龄，孩子的自我认知会导致侵犯性的行为)。 23.Observing their own reflection contributes to children's self awareness. 答案：C 题目解析：本题对应的文章内容是C段倒数第二句。原文中的关键词为：第一处:...that the movements they see in the mirror...(婴儿从镜子里看到的动作);第二处：...leads to a growing awareness that...(促使婴儿自我意识的增长)。分别对应题目中的 Observing their own reflection和contributes to children’s self awareness (观察自己的影像有助于孩子自我认知的形成)。 24.First, children come to realise that they can have an effect on the world around them, for example by handling objects, or causing the image to move when they face a ______. 答案：mirror 题目解析：本题对应的文章内容是C段中后部分内容。空格前为不定冠词a，因此预测出空格里应该填辅音开头的名 词，并且此词最好在定位词image之后。用定位词image定位到原文中包含image的这句话，名词有mirror。再一次推敲答案， 发现题干中的face a...对应原文中的see in the mirror,因此 mirror为答案。 25.This aspect of self-awareness is difficult to research directly, because of ______ problems. 答案：communication 题目解析：本题对应的文章内容是D段末句。空格前有一个关系词because of, 预测空格里应该为表示原因的名词。用定位词定位到原文中，找到because of的原词，顺着往后找到名词：difficulties of communication。由于题干中已经有difficulties, 于是communication为答案备选。又因为题干中的 difficult to research directly (直接调研太困难)对应原文中的 empirical investigation...scarce(自我实证调研不足)，表述一致，因此可确定communication为答案。 26.In Western societies at least, the development of self awareness is often linked to a sense of ______, and can lead to disputes. 答案：ownership 题目解析：本题对应的文章内容是H段末句。空格前是介词of,所以确定空格里一定是名词，不仅如此，空格里的词应该是和self awareness为并列关系的名词，并且最好出现在定位词In Western societies之后。按照这些定位到原文中，读包含in Western societies的这一整句话，发现就一处带引号的并列关系：between the sense of ‘self ’ and of ‘ownership’， 于是ownership为答案备选。又因the sense of ‘self’对应题干中的 awareness, 因此可确定ownership为答案。